Orlando Figes - The Story of Russia

Russification here; Socialists here; and Brest-Litovsky Treaty (1918) here; and Russian Civil War here; and Stalin’s false reports of invasion of Ukraine here; and the Great Terror here; and the Nazi-Soviet Pact here, here, here; Katyn massacre here; German invasion (1939) here; Red Army invasion here, here; publishes Khrushchev’s speech here; granted NATO membership here

Poland-Lithuania/Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here

Politburo here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here

Polotsk here, here

Polovtsians, the here, here, here, here

Poltava here; battle of (1709) here

Poludnitsa (goddess) here

pomeshchiki (military servitors) here, here, here, here

pomeste system (grants of land) here

Poniatowski, Stanisław here

Populism/Populists here, here, here, here

Poroshenko, Petro, President of Ukraine here, here, here

Potanin, Vladimir here

Potemkin (battleship) here

Potemkin, Prince Grigory here

‘power verticals’/‘vertical power’ here, here, here

Pozharsky, Prince Dmitry here, here, here, here; monument to here

Poznań, Poland here

Prague: 1848 revolt here

Pravda (goddess) here

pravda (justice) here, here

Pravda (newspaper) here, here

Primakov, Yevgeny here

Primary Chronicle here, here, here, here, here

Prokofiev, Sergei here, here

Provisional Governments here, here, here, here, here, here

Prus, ruler of Prussia here

Prussia/Prussians here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here

Pskov here, here, here, here, here

Pudovkin, Vsevolod: Minin and Pozharsky here

Pugachev, Emelian here, here

Pugachev rebellion (1773–4) here, here, here, here

Pugo, Boris here, here, here

Pushkin, Alexander here; The Bronze Horseman here; The History of Pugachev here; ‘Peter the Great’ here

Pustozersk fort, the Arctic here

Putiatina, Princess here

Putin, Vladimir: birth here; early career here; and the FSB here, here; as successor to Yeltsin here; political system here, here; his views and versions of Russian history here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here; and isolation by NATO here, here; his ‘Millennium Manifesto’ (1999) here; dominates TV stations and the media here, here, here; his oligarchs here, here; abolishes elections for regional governors here; imposes ‘power vertical’ here; and ‘sovereign democracy’ here; changes history-teaching in schools here; and ‘My History’ here; foreign policy after 2012 here; and the unveiling of Prince Vladimir’s monument (2016) here, here, here, here, here; and the ‘Russian world’ here; policy towards Ukraine here, here, here; and annexation of Crimea (2014) here, here, here, here, here, here, here; publishes ‘On the Historical Unity of the Ukrainians and the Russians’ (2021) here; and invasion of Ukraine (2022) here

Qashliq here

Radek, Karl here

Radishchev, Alexander here; Journey from St Petersburg to Moscow here

Railway Workers’ Union (Vikzhel) here, here

Rasputin, Grigory here, here, here

Rasputin, Valentin here

Razin, Stepan here

Razin rebellion (1670) here, here

Red Army here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here

Red Guards here, here, here, here, here

reindeer-herders here

Repin, Ilya: Ivan the Terrible and his Son Ivan on 16 November 1581 here; Manifest of 17 October here

requisitioning here, here, here, here, here, here; of grain here, here, here

Revel see Tallinn

Revolution, Russian (1917) here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here; and the army here, here, here, here, here, here; see also October Revolution

RIANovosti (news agency) here

Riazan here, here, here, here, here, here

Ribbentrop, Joachim von here

Riga, Latvia here, here, here, here

RimskyKorsakov, Nikolai here

Riurik, Prince here, here

Riurikids here, here, here

Riutin, Martemyan here; ‘Stalin and the Crisis of the Proletarian Dictatorship’ (the Riutin Platform) here, here

Romania/Romanians here, here, here, here; see also Bucharest

Romanova, Anastasia here, here, here

Romanovs, the here, here, here, here, here, here, here

Rörik, Prince here

Roskin, Grigory here

Rostov-Suzdal here, here

Rozhanitsa (goddess) here, here

Rublev, Andrei here, here; Trinity here

Ruffo, Marco and Solari, Pietro Antonio: Hall of Facets here

Rus, the here, here, here, here, here

Russification here, here, here, here, here, here, here

Russo-Japanese war (1904–5) here, here

Russo-Polish treaty (1618) here

Russo-Swedish treaty (1617) here

Ruthenians here

Rykov, Alexei here

Ryzhkov, Nikolai here

Şahin Giray, Khan here

St Petersburg/Petrograd/Leningrad here; founded by Peter the Great here, here, here, here; the use of French in here, here, here; the nobility here, here, here, here; the Decembrists here; Petrashevsky’s ‘plot’ here; assassination of Alexander II (1881) here; workers petition the tsar here; ‘Bloody Sunday’ (1905) here, here; strike (1905) here; renamed Petrograd (1914) here; strike (1916) here; Russian Revolution (1917) here, here, here, here, here; German bombing here; capital transfers to Moscow here; further strikes (1921) here; and Stalin here, here; Lenin’s body displayed here; renamed Leningrad (1924) here; and World War II here, here; siege (1941–4) here; Putin’s birth (1952) here; renamed St Petersburg (1991) here Academy of Sciences here, here, here, here, here; The Bronze Horseman here, here; Coronation Hall here; equestrian statues of Peter the Great here, and Alexander III here; The Hermitage here; Imperial Theatre here; Memorial Society here; New Lessner machine-building plant here; Palace Square here, here; Peter and Paul Fortress here, here; Russian Academy here; Smolny Institute here, here, here, here; Tauride Palace here, here, here, here; University here; Winter Palace here, here, here, here, here, here; Znamenskaya Square here

saints, Russian see Eastern Orthodox Church

Sakharov, Andrei here

salt tax here, here

Saltykov, Sergei here

Saltykov-Shchedrin, Mikhail here

Saltykovs, the here

Samara here, here

Samarkand, Uzbekistan here

samizdat (self-publishing) here

Samoyeds, the here

Sarai here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here